rubber processing britannica by brazil
Rubber - Processing | Britannica
Rubber - Rubber - Processing: Rubber processing consists of four basic steps: (1) mastication, when the elastomer is sheared and the molecules are broken down to give easier flow, (2) mixing, usually carried out immediately after mastication, when additives are incorporated, (3) shaping of the viscous mass, for example, by extrusion or molding, and (4) curing, when the polymer molecules become ...
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Rubber | chemical compound | Britannica
Rubber, elastic substance obtained from the exudations of certain tropical plants (natural rubber) or derived from petroleum and natural gas (synthetic rubber). Because of its elasticity, resilience, and toughness, rubber is the basic constituent of the tires used in automotive vehicles, aircraft, and bicycles. More than half of all rubber produced goes into automobile tires; the rest goes ...
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Rubber - Tapping and coagulation | Britannica
Rubber - Rubber - Tapping and coagulation: When the bark of the Hevea tree is partially cut through (tapped), a milky liquid exudes from the wound and dries to yield a rubbery film. The biological function of this latex is still obscure: it may help wound-healing by protecting the inner bark, or it may serve other biochemical functions. The latex consists of an aqueous suspension of small ...
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Rubber - Additives | Britannica
Rubber - Rubber - Additives: A number of ingredients are added to both natural and synthetic rubber in order to obtain certain desirable properties. By convention, mix formulations begin with the amount of the designated elastomer—for instance, natural rubber (NR), butadiene rubber (BR), or styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)—given as 100 parts by weight.
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Rubber - The rise of synthetic rubber | Britannica
Rubber - Rubber - The rise of synthetic rubber: The origins of the elastomers forming the base of synthetic rubber can be traced to the first half of the 19th century, when attempts were made to elucidate the composition and structure of natural rubber with the eventual goal of reproducing the material. In 1838 the German F.C. Himly obtained a volatile distillate from the substance, and in ...
Send InquiryHevea brasiliensis
Hevea brasiliensis, the Pará rubber tree, sharinga tree, seringueira, or, most commonly, the rubber tree or rubber plant, is a tree belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae.It is the most economically important member of the genus Hevea because the milky latex extracted from the tree is the primary source of natural rubber
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Iron processing - Ores | Britannica
Iron processing - Iron processing - Ores: Iron ores occur in igneous, metamorphic (transformed), or sedimentary rocks in a variety of geologic environments. Most are sedimentary, but many have been changed by weathering, and so their precise origin is difficult to determine.
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Development of the natural rubber industry
Rubber - Rubber - Development of the natural rubber industry: If latex is allowed to evaporate naturally, the film of rubber that forms can be dried and pressed into usable articles such as bottles, shoes, and balls. South American Indians made such objects in early times: rubber balls, for instance, were used in an Aztec ceremonial game (called ollama) long before Christopher Columbus ...
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The Manufacturing Process of Rubber | Sciencing
The natural rubber manufacturing process begins with harvesting latex from rubber trees. Harvesting latex from rubber trees starts with scoring or cutting into the bark of the tree. Latex flows into a cup attached to the bottom of the cut in the tree. The latex material from many trees is accumulated in large tanks.
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Brazil
Brazil, officially Federative Republic of Brazil, Portuguese República Federativa do Brasil, country of South America that occupies half the continent’s landmass. It is the fifth largest country in the world, exceeded in size only by Russia, Canada, China, and the United States, though its area is greater than that of the 48 conterminous U.S. states.
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Rubber - Processing | Britannica
Rubber - Rubber - Processing: Rubber processing consists of four basic steps: (1) mastication, when the elastomer is sheared and the molecules are broken down to give easier flow, (2) mixing, usually carried out immediately after mastication, when additives are incorporated, (3) shaping of the viscous mass, for example, by extrusion or molding, and (4) curing, when the polymer molecules become
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Rubber | chemical compound | Britannica
Rubber, elastic substance obtained from the exudations of certain tropical plants (natural rubber) or derived from petroleum and natural gas (synthetic rubber). Because of its elasticity, resilience, and toughness, rubber is the basic constituent of the tires used in automotive vehicles, aircraft, and bicycles. More than half of all rubber produced goes into automobile tires; the rest goes
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Rubber - Tapping and coagulation | Britannica
Rubber - Rubber - Tapping and coagulation: When the bark of the Hevea tree is partially cut through (tapped), a milky liquid exudes from the wound and dries to yield a rubbery film. The biological function of this latex is still obscure: it may help wound-healing by protecting the inner bark, or it may serve other biochemical functions. The latex consists of an aqueous suspension of small
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Rubber - Protective chemicals | Britannica
Rubber - Rubber - Protective chemicals: Certain additives confer resistance to heat, sunlight, oxygen, and ozone. Amines, particularly paraphenylene diamines, are powerful retarders of oxidation, or antioxidants. Added to rubber compounds in small amounts (1–2 percent), they appear to disrupt the free-radical oxidation reactions that lead either to molecular rupture and softening or to
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Rubber - The rise of synthetic rubber | Britannica
Rubber - Rubber - The rise of synthetic rubber: The origins of the elastomers forming the base of synthetic rubber can be traced to the first half of the 19th century, when attempts were made to elucidate the composition and structure of natural rubber with the eventual goal of reproducing the material. In 1838 the German F.C. Himly obtained a volatile distillate from the substance, and in
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1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Rubber - Wikisource, the free
1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Rubber. ” Para rubber from Ceylon and the Malay States has brought prices equal to and often exceeding those of ine Para rubber from Brazil. This is largely due to the improved methods of preparing the rubber practised by the planters of Ceylon and Malaya, which lead to the exclusion of the impurities usually
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Development of the natural rubber industry - Britannica.com
Rubber - Rubber - Development of the natural rubber industry: If latex is allowed to evaporate naturally, the film of rubber that forms can be dried and pressed into usable articles such as bottles, shoes, and balls. South American Indians made such objects in early times: rubber balls, for instance, were used in an Aztec ceremonial game (called ollama) long before Christopher Columbus
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Hevea brasiliensis
Hevea brasiliensis, the Pará rubber tree, sharinga tree, seringueira, or, most commonly, the rubber tree or rubber plant, is a tree belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae.It is the most economically important member of the genus Hevea because the milky latex extracted from the tree is the primary source of natural rubber
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